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עולם מופלא: סאלאר דה אויוני

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סאלאר דה אויוני

סאלאר דה אויוני (בספרדית: Salar de Uyuni או Salar de Tunupa; "מדבר המלח של אויוני") הוא מדבר מלח בדרום-מערב בוליביה. שטחו 10,582 קמ"ר והוא מדבר המלח הגדול בעולם. סלאר דה אויוני מהווה חלק מרכס הרי האנדים, וגובהו כ-3,650 מ' מעל פני הים.

לפני כ-40,000 שנה היה המדבר חלק מאגם מינצ'ין הפרהיסטורי. כשיבש האגם, נותרו ממנו שני אגמים קטנים – פּוּפּוֹ ואוּרוּ אוּרוּ, ושני מדבריות מלח – אויוני וקוֹיפָּאסָה.

עומק המלח בשכבה העליונה של המדבר כ-10 מטר, ועומקו הכולל מוערך בכ-120 מטרים. לפי ההערכות, מכיל מדבר המלח של אויוני כ-10 מיליארד טונות של מלח. תעשיית המלח כורה בַּמדבר כ-25 אלף טונות של מלח בשנה, באמצעות קואופרטיב קולצ'אני. בנוסף, מכיל מדבר המלח גם הליט וגבס.

בלב המדבר שוכן "אי" אדמה המכונה איסלה דל פסקדו (בספרדית: "אי הדג"), בו גדלים קקטוסים המתנשאים לגובה של 10 מ'. מדי נובמבר פוקדים את הלגונות הפזורות במדבר להקות של פלמינגו.

המדבר מהווה יעד תיירותי, ונערכים בו סיורים היוצאים מהעיירה אויוני השוכנת בפאתיו. בלב המדבר הוקם בית מלון עשוי לבני מלח, המשמש בעיקר תיירים הפוקדים את האזור.

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0 855 דקת קריאה

Gal Haziza

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הוסף אותי לרשימת התפוצה בכדי לקבל חדשות טובות אחת לשבוע למייל.

הוסף אותי לרשימת התפוצה בכדי לקבל חדשות טובות אחת לשבוע למייל.

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